Quota System

5.1 Overview

The Quota System of VinuChain represents a pioneering innovation in the blockchain industry, with the original concept of a quota system being built on Vite Chain. Built around incentivized staking, the Quota System introduces a new paradigm for executing transactions that serves to accommodate the diverse needs of network users.

At its core, the Quota System on VinuChain operates on the premise of quota allocation for transactions. By staking a predefined minimum amount of the native token, VC participants in the network earn a daily quota that allows them to conduct transactions on the network without any incurred fees. This quota, computed based on several factors including the amount and duration of staking, is refreshed on a 24-hour cycle, offering stakeholders consistent access to transactional capabilities.

To safeguard against disproportionate quota allocation and maintain equitable network use, a maximum quota threshold is in place. This limit establishes an optimal balance between incentivizing substantial token staking and preventing an undue concentration of transactional power.

The standout feature of the Quota System is its cash-back mechanism. As stakeholders perform transactions, they are reimbursed the equivalent of the gas fees, effectively enabling feeless transactions. This reimbursement is facilitated through a calculated inflation of the native VC token, thereby sustainably financing the cash-back mechanism.

The Quota System, however, is not applicable for participants who choose not to stake or those who stake but do not meet the minimum threshold. These users can still interact with the VinuChain network through standard transactions that come with regular fees. These fees are dynamically determined based on factors such as network congestion and overall usage. This ensures that all users benefit from VinuChain's high-speed, scalable architecture without prohibitive costs.

The Quota System is particularly advantageous for implementing efficient micro-transactions, a facet often overlooked in traditional blockchain networks due to the hefty transaction fees. Businesses and applications can seamlessly integrate micro-transaction models into their systems with the Quota System, delivering greater value to their users.

5.2 Mechanism of Gas Refund

The backend calculates what cash-back a user with a quota should receive per day (00:00 am to 23:59 pm UTC). At 01:00 am, the airdrop starts, where the gas price is returned to each user in accordance with the calculation that will be presented below.

EOA (Externally Owned Address) is an Ether address owned by a pair of keys, in contrast to the Smart Contract Address, which is controlled by a code deployed on the blockchain (wallet).

Quota is a cumulative cap that each EOA has, depending on the number of tokens staked by an address, the activity of the address on the network, and the overall network load.

5.3 Zero Gas Fee

Zero gas fee will be available in the following way:

  1. For each transaction calculate cash-back for the quota of the transaction's sender address (from), but no more than gasUsed.

  2. Remove the quota used in the previous step from the address. Make it so that for the next transaction of this address of this and subsequent blocks, the available quota decreases (ignoring the increase in quota that occurs every block - in fact, if the transaction is small enough, the available quota may not change or increase).

  3. The airdrop system will return cash-back to users for the used gas in accordance with the quota.

5.4 Theory

The EOA quota for i-block is calculated via formula:

Qi(gi, i)=M(1-21+eLi(gi) i ),

Where:

  • gi – avg. quota for per block used on the network by all addresses in blocks: [i-75, i-1]

  • i – the number of tokens staked by this address in i-block

  • Li(gi) – network load parameter in the i-block

  • M = 1000000

  • = 3.13478991*10^(-22)

The network load parameter is calculated as:

To get the current quota balance for an address need:

Q(i)=(j=i-74iQj) - (j=i-74iUj),

Where Uj – quota, used by this address in the j-block.

Using the data collected above, it is elementary to calculate Q(i) addresses in some block i.

The available quota of an account depends on UTPS and quota consumption during the last 74 snapshot blocks. For example, Account A receives 1 UTPS quota through staking, no transaction occurs during the last 74 snapshot blocks, in this case, the available quota of Account A is 75 UT.

UTPS: Unit transactions per second, referring to the number of unit transactions that an account can send in one second.

UTPS=Qi/21000​

UTPE: Unit transactions per epoch, referring to the number of unit transactions that an account can send in 75 snapshot blocks.

UTPE=UTPS×75

The available quota of an account depends on UTPS and quota consumption during the last 74 snapshot blocks. For example, Account A receives 1 UTPS quota through staking, no transaction occurs during the last 74 snapshot blocks, in this case, the available quota of Account A is 75 UT.

5.5 Quota Cap

For a single transaction, the maximum quota that can be consumed is defined as 47.62 UT.

For convenience in calculation, it is practical to calculate value of (ξi×ρ) and then map the result to quota according to the following table:

(ξi×ρ)

Q

UTPS

UTPE

Approximately equivalent to how much VC is staked

0.0

0

0

0

0

(0,0.0005600000146345639]

280

1/75

1

134

(0.0005600000146345639,0.0011200001170773874]

560

2/75

2

267

(0.0011200001170773874,0.0016800003951362111]

840

3/75

3

400

(0.0016800003951362111,0.002240000936619286]

1120

4/75

4

534

(0.002240000936619286,0.002800001829335484]

1400

5/75

5

667

(0.002800001829335484,0.003360003161093523]

1680

6/75

6

800

(0.003360003161093523,0.003920005019702078]

1960

7/75

7

934

(0.003920005019702078,0.004480007492972107]

2240

8/75

8

1067

(0.004480007492972107,0.0050400106687125265]

2520

9/75

9

1200

(0.0050400106687125265,0.005600014634735637]

2800

10/75

10

1334

(0.005600014634735637,0.006160019478852362]

3080

11/75

11

1467

(0.006160019478852362,0.006720025288875452]

3360

12/75

12

1600

(0.006720025288875452,0.0072800321526182606]

3640

13/75

13

1733

(0.0072800321526182606,0.007840040157895736]

3920

14/75

14

1867

(0.007840040157895736,0.008400049392522762]

4200

15/75

15

2000

(0.008400049392522762,0.008960059944316465]

4480

16/75

16

2133

(0.008960059944316465,0.009520071901094992]

4760

17/75

17

2267

(0.009520071901094992,0.01008008535067674]

5040

18/75

18

2400

(0.01008008535067674,0.010640100380883094]

5320

19/75

19

2533

(0.010640100380883094,0.011200117079536328]

5600

20/75

20

2667

(0.011200117079536328,0.011760135534459705]

5880

21/75

21

2800

(0.011760135534459705,0.012320155833478902]

6160

22/75

22

2933

(0.012320155833478902,0.012880178064420343]

6440

23/75

23

3066

(0.012880178064420343,0.013440202315113498]

6720

24/75

24

3200

(0.013440202315113498,0.01400022867338966]

7000

25/75

25

3333

(0.01400022867338966,0.01456025722708073]

7280

26/75

26

3466

(0.01456025722708073,0.015120288064022377]

7560

27/75

27

3600

(0.015120288064022377,0.015680321272051077]

7840

28/75

28

3733

(0.015680321272051077,0.01624035693900638]

8120

29/75

29

3866

(0.01624035693900638,0.016800395152729273]

8400

30/75

30

4000

(0.016800395152729273,0.017360436001064444]

8680

31/75

31

4133

(0.017360436001064444,0.01792047957185776]

8960

32/75

32

4266

(0.01792047957185776,0.018480525952958973]

9240

33/75

33

4400

(0.018480525952958973,0.019040575232219203]

9520

34/75

34

4533

(0.019040575232219203,0.019600627497492765]

9800

35/75

35

4666

(0.019600627497492765,0.020160682836636825]

10080

36/75

36

4799

(0.020160682836636825,0.020720741337511922]

10360

37/75

37

4933

(0.020720741337511922,0.021280803087980315]

10640

38/75

38

5066

(0.021280803087980315,0.021840868175909127]

10920

39/75

39

5199

(0.021840868175909127,0.022400936689166498]

11200

40/75

40

5333

(0.022400936689166498,0.022961008715626032]

11480

41/75

41

5466

(0.022961008715626032,0.02352108434316254]

11760

42/75

42

5599

(0.02352108434316254,0.024081163659656016]

12040

43/75

43

5733

(0.024081163659656016,0.02464124675298827]

12320

44/75

44

5866

(0.02464124675298827,0.025201333711046034]

12600

45/75

45

5999

(0.025201333711046034,0.025761424621719303]

12880

46/75

46

6133

(0.025761424621719303,0.02632151957290144]

13160

47/75

47

6266

(0.02632151957290144,0.026881618652489236]

13440

48/75

48

6399

(0.026881618652489236,0.027441721948384734]

13720

49/75

49

6533

(0.027441721948384734,0.028001829548493135]

14000

50/75

50

6666

(0.028001829548493135,0.02856194154072289]

14280

51/75

51

6799

(0.02856194154072289,0.02912205801298835]

14560

52/75

52

6933

(0.02912205801298835,0.029682179053206414]

14840

53/75

53

7066

(0.029682179053206414,0.030242304749299606]

15120

54/75

54

7199

(0.030242304749299606,0.030802435189193574]

15400

55/75

55

7333

(0.030802435189193574,0.03136257046081975]

15680

56/75

56

7466

(0.03136257046081975,0.03192271065211283]

15960

57/75

57

7599

(0.03192271065211283,0.03248285585101344]

16240

58/75

58

7733

(0.03248285585101344,0.03304300614546563]

16520

59/75

59

7866

(0.03304300614546563,0.033603161623419094]

16800

60/75

60

7999

(0.033603161623419094,0.03416332237282837]

17080

61/75

61

8133

(0.03416332237282837,0.03472348848165249]

17360

62/75

62

8266

(0.03472348848165249,0.03528366003785593]

17640

63/75

63

8399

(0.03528366003785593,0.03584383712940819]

17920

64/75

64

8533

(0.03584383712940819,0.036404019844283514]

18200

65/75

65

8666

(0.036404019844283514,0.036964208270462595]

18480

66/75

66

8799

(0.036964208270462595,0.037524402495930566]

18760

67/75

67

8933

(0.037524402495930566,0.038084602608677874]

19040

68/75

68

9066

(0.038084602608677874,0.03864480869670122]

19320

69/75

69

9199

(0.03864480869670122,0.03920502084800278]

19600

70/75

70

9333

(0.03920502084800278,0.039765239150590236]

19880

71/75

71

9466

(0.039765239150590236,0.04032546369247644]

20160

72/75

72

9599

(0.04032546369247644,0.04088569456168163]

20440

73/75

73

9733

(0.04088569456168163,0.04144593184623087]

20720

74/75

74

9866

(0,0.042006175634155006]

21000

1

75

10000

(0.042006175634155006,0.08404944434245186]

42000

2

150

20007

(0.08404944434245186,0.1261670961035256]

63000

3

225

30033

(0.1261670961035256,0.16839681732546105]

84000

4

300

40085

(0.16839681732546105,0.2107768956769977]

105000

5

375

50173

(0.2107768956769977,0.25334643304410037]

126000

6

450

60306

(0.25334643304410037,0.2961455696376917]

147000

7

525

70494

(0.2961455696376917,0.3392157225669637]

168000

8

600

80746

(0.3392157225669637,0.382599842575369]

189000

9

675

91073

(0.382599842575369,0.4263426931297194]

210000

10

750

101486

(0.4263426931297194,0.4704911566788094]

231000

11

825

111995

(0.4704911566788094,0.5150945736855665]

252000

12

900

122612

(0.5150945736855665,0.5602051210238872]

273000

13

975

133350

(0.5602051210238872,0.605878237567604]

294000

14

1050

144222

(0.605878237567604,0.6521731063496397]

315000

15

1125

155241

(0.6521731063496397,0.6991532046201573]

336000

16

1200

166424

(0.6991532046201573,0.7468869355972497]

357000

17

1275

177787

(0.7468869355972497,0.7954483588344243]

378000

18

1350

189346

(0.7954483588344243,0.8449180401302736]

399000

19

1425

201122

(0.8449180401302736,0.8953840470548413]

420000

20

1500

213135

(0.8953840470548413,0.9469431228444231]

441000

21

1575

225407

(0.9469431228444231,0.9997020801479394]

462000

22

1650

237966

(0.9997020801479394,1.053779467629503]

483000

23

1725

250838

(1.053779467629503,1.1093075777848576]

504000

24

1800

264056

(1.1093075777848576,1.1664348850068706]

525000

25

1875

277654

(1.1664348850068706,1.2253290311060194]

546000

26

1950

291673

(1.2253290311060194,1.286180514353531]

567000

27

2025

306158

(1.286180514353531,1.3492072924575544]

588000

28

2100

321161

(1.3492072924575544,1.4146605870070175]

609000

29

2175

336741

(1.4146605870070175,1.4828322881625378]

630000

30

2250

352969

(1.4828322881625378,1.554064521717701]

651000

31

2325

369924

(1.554064521717701,1.6287621852605034]

672000

32

2400

387705

(1.6287621852605034,1.707409634545938]

693000

33

2475

406426

(1.707409634545938,1.7905932883378723]

714000

34

2550

426227

(1.7905932883378723,1.8790328663947373]

735000

35

2625

447279

(1.8790328663947373,1.97362554890186]

756000

36

2700

469795

(1.97362554890186,2.0755100566945326]

777000

37

2775

494048

(2.0755100566945326,2.186162517630361]

798000

38

2850

520387

(2.186162517630361,2.3075451472522963]

819000

39

2925

549280

(2.3075451472522963,2.4423470353692043]

840000

40

3000

581368

(2.4423470353692043,2.594395323511559]

861000

41

3075

617561

(2.594395323511559,2.7694056956796604]

882000

42

3150

659220

(2.7694056956796604,2.976475888792767]

903000

43

3225

708510

(2.976475888792767,3.2314282909393213]

924000

44

3300

769198

(3.2314282909393213,3.5656840708200748]

945000

45

3375

848763

(3.5656840708200748,4.057395776090949]

966000

46

3450

965808

(4.057395776090949,5.029431885090279]

987000

47

3525

1197189

Li(gi) in the quota calculation formula is specifically for this purpose.

The following table shows the minimum required staking amount for sending a transfer transaction without comment under different congestion situation:

Average quota consumption during last 74 snapshot blocks (UT)

Congestion factor

The minimum staking amount (VC)

0-50

1

134

51

0.987079620361328125

135

52

0.97399139404296875

137

53

0.960735321044921875

139

54

0.947307586669921875

141

55

0.93370819091796875

143

56

0.919933319091796875

145

57

0.905979156494140625

147

58

0.891841888427734375

150

59

0.877529144287109375

152

60

0.8630218505859375

155

61

0.84833526611328125

157

62

0.833454132080078125

160

63

0.81838226318359375

163

64

0.8031158447265625

166

65

0.787654876708984375

170

66

0.771991729736328125

173

67

0.756122589111328125

177

68

0.740055084228515625

181

69

0.72377777099609375

185

70

0.707286834716796875

189

71

0.690586090087890625

194

72

0.67366790771484375

198

73

0.656536102294921875

204

74

0.6391754150390625

209

75

0.621593475341796875

215

76

0.603786468505859375

221

77

0.58574676513671875

228

78

0.567474365234375

236

79

0.548969268798828125

244

80

0.53022003173828125

252

81

0.51123046875

262

82

0.491994857788085938

272

83

0.472513198852539062

283

84

0.452777862548828125

295

85

0.432788848876953125

309

86

0.412540435791015625

324

87

0.392030715942382812

341

88

0.371255874633789062

360

89

0.350214004516601562

382

90

0.328899383544921875

407

91

0.307306289672851562

436

92

0.28543853759765625

469

93

0.263286590576171875

508

94

0.240848541259765625

556

95

0.218120574951171875

614

96

0.195098876953125

686

97

0.171779632568359375

780

98

0.148159980773925781

904

99

0.124234199523925781

1078

100

0.0999999046325683594

1339

101

0.0997366905212402344

1343

102

0.0994729995727539062

1347

103

0.0992097854614257812

1350

104

0.0989465713500976562

1354

105

0.0986838340759277344

1357

106

0.0984206199645996094

1361

107

0.0981578826904296875

1365

108

0.0978946685791015625

1368

109

0.0976319313049316406

1372

110

0.0973691940307617188

1376

111

0.0971064567565917969

1379

112

0.0968441963195800781

1383

113

0.0965814590454101562

1387

114

0.0963191986083984375

1391

115

0.0960564613342285156

1395

116

0.0957942008972167969

1398

117

0.0955319404602050781

1402

118

0.0952696800231933594

1406

119

0.0950074195861816406

1410

120

0.0947461128234863281

1414

121

0.0944838523864746094

1418

122

0.0942220687866210938

1422

123

0.093959808349609375

1426

124

0.0936980247497558594

1430

125

0.0934362411499023438

1434

126

0.0931744575500488281

1438

127

0.0929136276245117188

1442

128

0.0926518440246582031

1446

129

0.0923900604248046875

1450

130

0.0921292304992675781

1454

131

0.0918679237365722656

1458

132

0.09160614013671875

1462

133

0.0913453102111816406

1466

134

0.0910844802856445312

1471

135

0.0908231735229492188

1475

136

0.0905623435974121094

1479

137

0.090301513671875

1483

138

0.0900406837463378906

1488

139

0.0897798538208007812

1492

140

0.089519500732421875

1496

141

0.0892586708068847656

1501

142

0.0889983177185058594

1505

143

0.08873748779296875

1510

144

0.0884771347045898438

1514

145

0.0882167816162109375

1518

146

0.0879564285278320312

1523

147

0.0876965522766113281

1527

148

0.0874361991882324219

1532

149

0.0871763229370117188

1537

150

0.0869164466857910156

1541

151

0.0866560935974121094

1546

152

0.0863962173461914062

1550

153

0.0861368179321289062

1555

154

0.0858774185180664062

1560

155

0.0856170654296875

1565

156

0.085357666015625

1569

157

0.0850982666015625

1574

158

0.0848388671875

1579

159

0.0845794677734375

1584

160

0.0843205451965332031

1589

161

0.0840606689453125

1594

162

0.0838017463684082031

1599

163

0.0835423469543457031

1603

164

0.0832834243774414062

1608

165

0.0830245018005371094

1613

166

0.0827655792236328125

1619

167

0.0825066566467285156

1624

168

0.0822482109069824219

1629

169

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0.0419607162475585938

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0.0121721029281616211

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11230

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0.0116916894912719727

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0.0114516019821166992

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0.0112115740776062012

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470

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473

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477

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479

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480

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481

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482

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31324

483

0.00403958559036254883

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484

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485

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486

0.00332550704479217529

40294

487

0.00308759510517120361

43399

488

0.00284975767135620117

47021

489

0.00261196494102478027

51302

490

0.00237426161766052246

56438

491

0.00213660299777984619

62716

492

0.00189901143312454224

70562

493

0.00166147947311401367

80650

494

0.00142402201890945435

94099

495

0.00118660926818847656

112926

496

0.000949271023273468018

141160

497

0.000711996108293533325

188203

498

0.000474780797958374023

282235

499

0.000237626954913139343

563908

500

5.36001607542857528e-07

249999999

5.6 Quota Consumption Rules

The following table lists quota consumption of common transactions:

Transaction Type

Quota Consumed

In Unit Transaction (UT)

Minimum Staking Amount (VC)

Send a transfer without comment

21000

1

134

Create smart contract

41825

1.4762

267

Stake for quota

104166

5

667

Cancel staking

104166

5

667

Stake for quota with callback

124738

5.5

800

Cancel staking with callback

124738

5.5

800

Burn token

124738

5.5

800

Transfer token ownership

145357

6.5

934

Change token type

124738

5.5

800

Query token information

41825

1.5

267

In addition, each character in the comment field of a transaction consumes 68 quota.

For example, sending a transfer transaction with comment of '0x0001' (two hexadecimal characters) will consume Q=21000+68∗2=21136 quota, which translates to 1.0065 UT

5.7 Airdrop for Cashback

Decentralized airdrop integrated into the node of the blockchain network. The airdrop system will return cashback to users for the used gas in accordance with the quota. A contract with the ability to mint a token is deployed to the genesis file. This file is called only by the blockchain when airdropping tokens for gas cashback for transactions.

5.8 Staking

The user has the opportunity to stake their VC tokens on the corresponding page. When staking, the user doesn’t receive a reward, but increases his quota (i) for the return of commissions.

In conclusion, VinuChain's Quota System marks a significant leap forward in the redefinition of user engagement with blockchain networks. By catering to both stakers and non-stakers in its unique transaction model, the system promotes broader adoption and diverse application of blockchain technology. The upcoming sections will delve deeper into VinuChain's architecture, the foundational workings of the Quota System, and the future roadmap for this promising platform.

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